NetBackup™ Backup Planning and Performance Tuning Guide

Last Published:
Product(s): NetBackup & Alta Data Protection (10.4, 10.3.0.1, 10.3, 10.2.0.1, 10.2, 10.1.1, 10.1, 10.0.0.1, 10.0, 9.1.0.1, 9.1, 9.0.0.1, 9.0, 8.3.0.2, 8.3.0.1, 8.3)
  1. NetBackup capacity planning
    1.  
      Purpose of this guide
    2.  
      Changes in Veritas terminology
    3.  
      Disclaimer
    4.  
      How to analyze your backup requirements
    5.  
      How to calculate the size of your NetBackup image database
    6. Sizing for capacity with MSDP
      1. Key sizing parameters
        1.  
          Data types and deduplication
        2.  
          Determining FETB for workloads
        3.  
          Retention periods
        4.  
          Change rate
        5.  
          Replication and duplication of backups
        6.  
          Sizing calculations for MSDP clients
    7.  
      About how to design your OpsCenter server
  2. Primary server configuration guidelines
    1.  
      Size guidance for the NetBackup primary server and domain
    2.  
      Factors that limit job scheduling
    3.  
      More than one backup job per second
    4.  
      Stagger the submission of jobs for better load distribution
    5.  
      NetBackup job delays
    6.  
      Selection of storage units: performance considerations
    7.  
      About file system capacity and NetBackup performance
    8.  
      About the primary server NetBackup catalog
    9.  
      Guidelines for managing the primary server NetBackup catalog
    10.  
      Adjusting the batch size for sending metadata to the NetBackup catalog
    11.  
      Methods for managing the catalog size
    12.  
      Performance guidelines for NetBackup policies
    13.  
      Legacy error log fields
  3. Media server configuration guidelines
    1. NetBackup hardware design and tuning considerations
      1.  
        PCI architecture
      2.  
        Central processing unit (CPU) trends
      3.  
        Storage trends
      4.  
        Conclusions
    2. About NetBackup Media Server Deduplication (MSDP)
      1.  
        Data segmentation
      2.  
        Fingerprint lookup for deduplication
      3.  
        Predictive and sampling cache scheme
      4.  
        Data store
      5.  
        Space reclamation
      6.  
        System resource usage and tuning considerations
      7.  
        Memory considerations
      8.  
        I/O considerations
      9.  
        Network considerations
      10.  
        CPU considerations
      11.  
        OS tuning considerations
      12. MSDP tuning considerations
        1.  
          Sample steps to change MSDP contentrouter.cfg
      13. MSDP sizing considerations
        1.  
          Data gathering
        2.  
          Leveraging requirements and best practices
    3.  
      Cloud tier sizing and performance
    4. Accelerator performance considerations
      1.  
        Accelerator for file-based backups
      2.  
        Controlling disk space for Accelerator track logs
      3.  
        Accelerator for virtual machine backups
      4.  
        Forced rescan schedules
      5.  
        Reporting the amount of Accelerator data transferred over the network
      6.  
        Accelerator backups and the NetBackup catalog
  4. Media configuration guidelines
    1.  
      About dedicated versus shared backup environments
    2.  
      Suggestions for NetBackup media pools
    3.  
      Disk versus tape: performance considerations
    4.  
      NetBackup media not available
    5.  
      About the threshold for media errors
    6.  
      Adjusting the media_error_threshold
    7.  
      About tape I/O error handling
    8.  
      About NetBackup media manager tape drive selection
  5. How to identify performance bottlenecks
    1.  
      Introduction
    2.  
      Proper mind set for performance issue RCA
    3.  
      The 6 steps of performance issue RCA and resolution
    4. Flowchart of performance data analysis
      1.  
        How to create a workload profile
  6. Best practices
    1.  
      Best practices: NetBackup SAN Client
    2. Best practices: NetBackup AdvancedDisk
      1.  
        AdvancedDisk performance considerations
      2.  
        Exclusive use of disk volumes with AdvancedDisk
      3.  
        Disk volumes with different characteristics
      4.  
        Disk pools and volume managers with AdvancedDisk
      5.  
        Network file system considerations
      6.  
        State changes in AdvancedDisk
    3.  
      Best practices: Disk pool configuration - setting concurrent jobs and maximum I/O streams
    4.  
      Best practices: About disk staging and NetBackup performance
    5.  
      Best practices: Supported tape drive technologies for NetBackup
    6. Best practices: NetBackup tape drive cleaning
      1.  
        How NetBackup TapeAlert works
      2.  
        Disabling TapeAlert
    7.  
      Best practices: NetBackup data recovery methods
    8.  
      Best practices: Suggestions for disaster recovery planning
    9.  
      Best practices: NetBackup naming conventions
    10.  
      Best practices: NetBackup duplication
    11.  
      Best practices: NetBackup deduplication
    12. Best practices: Universal shares
      1.  
        Benefits of universal shares
      2.  
        Configuring universal shares
      3.  
        Tuning universal shares
    13. NetBackup for VMware sizing and best practices
      1.  
        Configuring and controlling NetBackup for VMware
      2.  
        Discovery
      3.  
        Backup and restore operations
    14. Best practices: Storage lifecycle policies (SLPs)
      1.  
        Data flow and SLP design best practices
      2.  
        Targeted SLP
      3.  
        Limiting the number of SLP secondary operations to maximize performance
      4.  
        Storage Server IO
    15.  
      Best practices: NetBackup NAS-Data-Protection (D-NAS)
    16.  
      Best practices: NetBackup for Nutanix AHV
    17.  
      Best practices: NetBackup Sybase database
    18.  
      Best practices: Avoiding media server resource bottlenecks with Oracle VLDB backups
    19.  
      Best practices: Avoiding media server resource bottlenecks with MSDPLB+ prefix policy
    20.  
      Best practices: Cloud deployment considerations
  7. Measuring Performance
    1.  
      Measuring NetBackup performance: overview
    2.  
      How to control system variables for consistent testing conditions
    3.  
      Running a performance test without interference from other jobs
    4.  
      About evaluating NetBackup performance
    5.  
      Evaluating NetBackup performance through the Activity Monitor
    6.  
      Evaluating NetBackup performance through the All Log Entries report
    7. Table of NetBackup All Log Entries report
      1.  
        Additional information on the NetBackup All Log Entries report
    8. Evaluating system components
      1.  
        About measuring performance independent of tape or disk output
      2.  
        Measuring performance with bpbkar
      3.  
        Bypassing disk performance with the SKIP_DISK_WRITES touch file
      4.  
        Measuring performance with the GEN_DATA directive (Linux/UNIX)
      5.  
        Monitoring Linux/UNIX CPU load
      6.  
        Monitoring Linux/UNIX memory use
      7.  
        Monitoring Linux/UNIX disk load
      8.  
        Monitoring Linux/UNIX network traffic
      9.  
        Monitoring Linux/Unix system resource usage with dstat
      10.  
        About the Windows Performance Monitor
      11.  
        Monitoring Windows CPU load
      12.  
        Monitoring Windows memory use
      13.  
        Monitoring Windows disk load
    9.  
      Increasing disk performance
  8. Tuning the NetBackup data transfer path
    1.  
      About the NetBackup data transfer path
    2.  
      About tuning the data transfer path
    3.  
      Tuning suggestions for the NetBackup data transfer path
    4.  
      NetBackup client performance in the data transfer path
    5. NetBackup network performance in the data transfer path
      1.  
        Network interface settings
      2.  
        Network load
      3. Setting the network buffer size for the NetBackup media server
        1.  
          Network buffer size in relation to other parameters
      4.  
        Setting the NetBackup client communications buffer size
      5.  
        About the NOSHM file
      6.  
        Using socket communications (the NOSHM file)
    6. NetBackup server performance in the data transfer path
      1. About shared memory (number and size of data buffers)
        1.  
          Default number of shared data buffers
        2.  
          Default size of shared data buffers
        3.  
          Amount of shared memory required by NetBackup
        4.  
          How to change the number of shared data buffers
        5.  
          Notes on number data buffers files
        6.  
          How to change the size of shared data buffers
        7.  
          Notes on size data buffer files
        8.  
          Size values for shared data buffers
        9.  
          Note on shared memory and NetBackup for NDMP
        10.  
          Recommended shared memory settings
        11.  
          Recommended number of data buffers for SAN Client and FT media server
        12.  
          Testing changes made to shared memory
      2.  
        About NetBackup wait and delay counters
      3.  
        Changing parent and child delay values for NetBackup
      4. About the communication between NetBackup client and media server
        1.  
          Processes used in NetBackup client-server communication
        2.  
          Roles of processes during backup and restore
        3.  
          Finding wait and delay counter values
        4.  
          Note on log file creation
        5.  
          About tunable parameters reported in the bptm log
        6.  
          Example of using wait and delay counter values
        7.  
          Issues uncovered by wait and delay counter values
      5.  
        Estimating the effect of multiple copies on backup performance
      6. Effect of fragment size on NetBackup restores
        1.  
          How fragment size affects restore of a non-multiplexed image
        2.  
          How fragment size affects restore of a multiplexed image on tape
        3.  
          Fragmentation and checkpoint restart
      7. Other NetBackup restore performance issues
        1.  
          Example of restore from multiplexed database backup (Oracle)
    7.  
      NetBackup storage device performance in the data transfer path
  9. Tuning other NetBackup components
    1.  
      When to use multiplexing and multiple data streams
    2.  
      Effects of multiplexing and multistreaming on backup and restore
    3. How to improve NetBackup resource allocation
      1.  
        Improving the assignment of resources to NetBackup queued jobs
      2.  
        Sharing reservations in NetBackup
      3.  
        Disabling the sharing of NetBackup reservations
      4.  
        Disabling on-demand unloads
    4.  
      Encryption and NetBackup performance
    5.  
      Compression and NetBackup performance
    6.  
      How to enable NetBackup compression
    7.  
      Effect of encryption plus compression on NetBackup performance
    8.  
      Information on NetBackup Java performance improvements
    9.  
      Information on NetBackup Vault
    10.  
      Fast recovery with Bare Metal Restore
    11.  
      How to improve performance when backing up many small files
    12. How to improve FlashBackup performance
      1.  
        Adjusting the read buffer for FlashBackup and FlashBackup-Windows
    13.  
      Veritas NetBackup OpsCenter
  10. Tuning disk I/O performance
    1. About NetBackup performance and the hardware hierarchy
      1.  
        About performance hierarchy level 1
      2.  
        About performance hierarchy level 2
      3.  
        About performance hierarchy level 3
      4.  
        About performance hierarchy level 4
      5.  
        Summary of performance hierarchies
      6.  
        Notes on performance hierarchies
    2.  
      Hardware examples for better NetBackup performance

NetBackup job delays

NetBackup jobs may be delayed for a variety of reasons. Common delays that may occur, and in some cases suggests possible remedies, are described below..

Delays in starting jobs

The NetBackup Policy Execution Manager (nbpem) may not begin a backup at exactly the time a backup policy's schedule window opens. This delay can happen when you define a schedule or modify an existing schedule with a window start time close to the current time.

For instance, suppose that you create a schedule at 5:50 P.M., and specify that at 6:00 P.M. backups should start. You complete the policy definition at 5:55 P.M. At 6:00 P.M., you expect to see a backup job for the policy start, but it does not. Instead, the job takes another several minutes to start.

The explanation is the following: NetBackup receives and queues policy change events as they happen, but processes them periodically as configured in the Policy Update Interval setting. (The Policy Update Interval is set under Host Properties > Primary Server > Properties > Global Settings. The default is 10 minutes.) The backup does not start until the first time NetBackup processes policy changes after the policy definition is completed at 5:55 P.M. NetBackup may not process the changes until 6:05 P.M. For each policy change, NetBackup determines what needs to be done and updates its work list accordingly.

Delays in running queued jobs

Note:

For any one client, there is a limit of starting only one job per second . However, multiple jobs from different clients can be started within the same second. Depending on the configuration involved, significantly more backup jobs can be started within any fixed time period, which may change the performance behavior of the system. In some environments, you may need to change some configuration settings to achieve the optimum performance behavior.

If jobs are queued and only one job runs at a time, use the State Details column in the Activity Monitor to see the reason for the job being queued.

If jobs are queued and only one job runs at a time, set one or more of the following to allow jobs to run simultaneously:

  • Host Properties > Primary Server > Properties > Global Attributes > Maximum jobs per client (should be greater than 1).

  • Media and Device Management > Disk Pools > Limit I/O streams per volume

    Select to limit the number of read and write streams (that is, jobs) for each volume in the disk pool. A job may read or write backup images. If you select this property, you also need to configure the number of streams to allow per volume. When the limit is reached, NetBackup chooses another volume for write operations, if available. If not available, NetBackup queues jobs until a volume is available. In a product like Netbackup Flexible Scale (NBFS), this property is unselected by default. (that is, no limit).

  • Policy attribute Limit jobs per policy (should be greater than 1).

  • Schedule attribute Media multiplexing (should be greater than 1).

    The general recommendation is to start with a value of 4 and gradually increase it until you find an acceptable balance for both backup and restores. See Media multiplexing (schedule attribute) In the NetBackup Administrator's Guide, Volume 1, for more information on Media multiplexing

    Note:

    Keep in mind that increasing this value may affect restore times. More information is available:

    See How fragment size affects restore of a multiplexed image on tape.

    See Other NetBackup restore performance issues.

  • Check the following storage unit properties:

    • Is the storage unit enabled to use multiple tape drives (Maximum concurrent write drives)? If you want to increase this value, remember to set it to fewer than the number of tape drives available to this storage unit. Otherwise, restores and other non-backup activities cannot run while backups to the storage unit are running.

    • Is the storage unit enabled for multiplexing (Maximum streams per drive)? You can write a maximum of 32 jobs to one tape at the same time.

      Note:

      Values greater than 4 may actually decrease overall performance because they may reduce restore speeds. More information is available:

      See How fragment size affects restore of a multiplexed image on tape.

      See Other NetBackup restore performance issues.

    Note:

    Be sure to check with the disk storage manufacturers for recommendations about your disk storage units.

For example, you can run multiple jobs to a single storage unit if you have multiple drives. (Maximum concurrent write drives set to greater than 1.) Or, you can set up multiplexing to a single drive if Maximum streams per drive is set to greater than 1. If both Maximum concurrent write drives and Maximum streams per drive are greater than 1: you can run multiple streams to multiple drives, assuming that Maximum jobs per client is set high enough.

Note:

All storage units that reference a specific MSDP pool have a maximum concurrent jobs setting. The total number of concurrent jobs for all storage units accessing a single MSDP pool should be approximately 10% less than the maximum number of I/O streams on the disk pool. This allows for secondary operations, like replications and duplications, as well as restores to be executed even during busy backup windows.

Delays in tape jobs becoming active

Tape jobs become active as soon as the resources are allocated.

NetBackup makes the tape jobs active as follows:

  • The NetBackup Job Manager (nbjm) requests resources from the NetBackup Resource Broker (nbrb) for the job.

  • nbrb allocates the resources and gives the resources to nbjm.

  • nbjm starts bpbrm which in turn starts bptm.

Job delays caused by unavailable media

The job fails if no other storage units are usable, in any of the following circumstances:

  • If the media in a storage unit are not configured or are unusable (such as expired)

  • The maximum mounts setting was exceeded

  • The wrong pool was selected

If media are unavailable, consider the following:

  • Add new media

  • Or change the media configuration to make media available (such as changing the volume pool or the maximum mounts).

If the media in a storage unit are usable but are busy, the job is queued. In the NetBackup Activity Monitor, the "State Details" column indicates why the job is queued, such as "media are in use." (The same information is available in the Job Details display. Right-click on the job and select "Details.") If the media are in use, the media eventually stop being used and the job runs.

Job delays after removing a media server

A job may be queued by the NetBackup Job Manager (nbjm) if the media server is not available. The job is not queued because of communication timeouts, but because EMM knows that the media server is down and the NetBackup Resource Broker (nbrb) queues the request to be retried later.

If no other media servers are available, EMM queues the job under the following circumstances:

  • If a media server is configured in EMM but the server has been physically removed, turned off, or disconnected from the network

  • If the network is down

The Activity Monitor should display the reason for the job queuing, such as "media server is offline." Once the media server is online again in EMM, the job starts. In the meantime, if other media servers are available, the job runs on another media server.

If a media server is not configured in EMM, regardless of the physical state of the media server, EMM does not select that media server for use. If no other media servers are available, the job fails.

To permanently remove a media server from the system, consult the "Decommissioning a media server" section in the NetBackup Administrator's Guide, Volume I.